For many years, medicinal cannabis has been the only avenue for entrepreneurs wanting to enter
the cannabis production business. Producing cannabis profitably under medicinal conditions is a
tough business due to the high capital and operational costs and varying laws and regulations.
Recreational cannabis offers a much lower barrier to entry but the world has been slow to adopt
recreational cannabis for various reasons. In this article Thomas Walker will provide insight into
current state of the recreational cannabis industry.

Where is it possible to setup a recreational cannabis cultivation business?

Recreational cannabis cultivation and sales are permitted in Canada, Uruguay and Thailand. In the
United States, some states have legalised the recreational use of cannabis, including Alaska,
California, Colorado, Illinois, Maine, Massachusetts, Nevada, Oregon, and Washington.

What are the challenges with setup of a recreational cultivation operation in these countries?

The main challenges with cultivation in these countries are navigating the legal and regulatory
framework, obtaining licenses or permits, and ensuring compliance with local laws and regulations.
Additionally, there are challenges related to cultivation, such as controlling pests and diseases,
developing efficient irrigation systems, hiring talent, hire and obtaining the correct nutrients and
fertilisers. Additionally, the cost of production can be high due to the need for specialised
equipment, labor, and facility costs.

What are the typical startup costs in these countries?

The typical startup costs vary depending on the country and the specific laws and regulations in
that country. Generally, start-up costs can include land costs, building or facility costs, equipment
costs, licensing and permit fees, and labor costs. Additionally, some countries may require
additional costs such as taxes, insurance, and security deposits. In the United States, it is
estimated that a typical startup cost would be around $550,000. The final major expense is
overhead, which covers costs of running a company that are not directly related to the production
of a product. The most common cost of starting a business is rent, which can be as high as $498
per month for larger offices and in high-end locations. Other overhead items include office
supplies, utilities and salaries for employees that are not directly involved in making a product.

What are the success rates for startups in these countries?

The success rates for recreational cannabis startups in these countries vary and depend on a
variety of factors, such as the regulations and laws of the country, the quality of the product, and
the management of the business. Generally, businesses that have an experienced team, a detailed
business plan, and a thorough understanding of the legal and regulatory framework have greater
success rates. Many cannabis startups are seen to have a high initial success rate, but then come
crashing down after the product that they offer is deemed as not up to standard. Although many of
these businesses will experience some successes and failures, the overall success rate of these
companies is still low in comparison with other sectors.

What are the most important factors to consider for success?

The most important factors to consider for success in the cannabis cultivation industry include
having a detailed business plan, understanding the legal and regulatory framework, and having a
team with experience in the industry. Additionally, having the right equipment, efficient irrigation
systems, and the correct fertilisers and nutrients are also important factors to consider.

When is the best time to start?

The best time to start a cannabis cultivation business will depend on the country and the specific
regulations and laws in that country. Generally, it is best to start when the regulations are clear and
the business is able to obtain the necessary licenses or permits. Additionally, it is important to start
when the business has the resources and know-how to be successful.

How do i get funding?

Funding for a cannabis cultivation business can come from a variety of sources, such as private
investments, venture capital, bank loans, crowdfunding, and government grants. Additionally, some
businesses may be eligible for tax incentives or other forms of assistance. It is important to
research all of the available options to ensure the best possible outcome.

Which companies have been successful?

Some of the most successful cannabis cultivation companies include Canopy Growth Corporation,
Aurora Cannabis Inc., and Aphria Inc., all of which are publicly traded companies in Canada.
Additionally, there are many smaller companies that have experienced success in the cannabis
industry, such as Flow Kana, a California-based cannabis delivery service, and harvest, an
Oregon-based cannabis technology company.

How do I get started?

Getting started in the cannabis cultivation industry requires a thorough understanding of the legal
and regulatory framework, obtaining the necessary licenses and permits, and having a detailed
business plan. Additionally, it is important to have the right equipment, efficient irrigation systems,
and the correct fertilisers and nutrients. Finally, it is important to secure funding and have a team
with experience in the industry.


Thomas Walker - Commercial Cannabis Cultivation Consultant
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Thomas Walker is the founder and lead consultant of Walker Cultivation, a consulting firm specializing in commercial cannabis cultivation. From April 2023, Thomas will share his thoughts here on Cantopia, on relevant issues in the field of cannabis cultivation.